by Bruce Allen Sensei
Seven Basic Elements in the Practice of Aikido
The following are the seven basic elements in all kihon dosa (basic movements) and classical techniques (as practiced at the Yoshinkan Honbu Aikido Dojo). They are also found in all martial arts and combative forms of self-defense. We study aikido to learn how to project maximum power against our opponent. We must therefore acquire an understanding of the seven basic elements in our movements. As beginning students in Aikido, we must identify and implement the basic elements in our daily practice sessions. Eventually, they will automatically and subconsciously become part of our technique.
A student must relax. In Aikido, the student projects core power, which is an integrated force including both mental (focus, concentration, spiritual) and physical power. If the student tenses his muscles, he will be unable to transmit this power through his body. It is a natural reaction for our body to tense up when attacked. The student must train to do the opposite: to relax.
A student must breathe evenly throughout the technique to maintain a relaxed posture. In breathing, exhalation is very important in augmenting the student’s core power.
A student must maintain a low center of gravity. A low center of gravity is located in the student’s center or lower abdomen and is the point from which we initiate and focus our core power. A low center of gravity, strong hips and gripping feet are the basis for stability and the fulcrum of movement.
A student must maintain a strong bodyline throughout the technique. A strong bodyline runs from the toes of the feet, through our center of gravity, to the top of the head. The characteristics of a strong bodyline include a relaxed body; a low center of gravity; a well-balanced, forward movement with power coming from the center.
A student must learn the importance of the feet, legs and hips. Gripping feet, strong legs and hips are essential in projecting power through a stable bodyline.
Over time the student learns to bring together or unify the above five basic elements. Unifying the five basic elements creates a single powerful force of mental and physical power which is then projected against his opponent. This ability is acquired through the constant practice of Aikido kihon dosa and classical techniques. (the “ai” in the word Aikido, or its equivalent Japanese kanji, can be translated as joining or unifying; ki, or its kanji equivalent, can be translated as body energy, spirit or power).
The last and perhaps most important element is acquiring the ability to focus and concentrate on the proper execution of kihon dosa and techniques. Focusing will unify all other elements. After many years of practice and the inculcation of techniques and the seven basic elements, the student will no longer have to focus on the technique or its individual components. The student will move without conscious thought of the technique. His conscious awareness will be on the intent and movement of his opponent.